It takes dedication and resourcefulness to survive in the desert.
But animals that live in the desert have several adaptations that allow them to survive the dry habitat and the heat.
In this article, we’re going to go over some of the most renowned, dangerous, and resourceful animals that live in the desert.
Examples of Animals that Live in the Desert
Examples of Animals that Live in the Desert
These interesting animals have all it takes to survive in the harshness of the desert.
Scientific NameAddax nasomaculatusClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSizeUp to 33 inches
Critically endangered, the addax antelope is native to the Sahara desert.
It’s known for its long and twisted horns that are used for self-defense, though it is also seen as a relatively easy target for larger predators because it moves slowly.
Scientific NameLoxodonta africanaClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSizeUp to 13 ft
The name of this elephant species might not reveal the full story about its habitat.
While it is primarily found in grasslands and savannas of Subsaharan Africa, it has also found its habitat in the Namib and Sahara deserts.
Scientific NameGiraffa camelopardalis angolensisClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSizeUp to 19ft
The giraffe is a towering animal that is known for its long and slender neck.
Giraffes also primarily live in savannas and slightly milder habitats, but it’s also found in the Namib desert.
Scientific NameLepus alleniClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSize22 in
Native to Arizona and parts of northern Mexico, the antelope jackrabbit is one of the regulars in the desert.
There, it often finds itself a prey for larger animals in its habitat.
Scientific NameOuroborus cataphractusClassificationReptileDietCarnivoreSizeUp to 3.5 inches
The armadillo girdled lizard is a sturdy animal that has several adaptations that allow it to survive harsh desert conditions.
First of all, it has a thick outer shell and it’s also known for its ability to hide very well.
Scientific NameCamelus bactrianusClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSizeUp to 7ft
Known for its two humps, the Bactrian camel is much rarer than the dromedary.
This type of camel is home to the steppes and deserts of Asia.
Scientific NameLatrodectusClassificationArachnidDietCarnivoreVenomHighSizeUp to 0.5 in
It’s seen one of the deadliest spider species in the world due to its heavily toxic venom.
You’ll be able to spot a black widow by the red hourglass shape on its black body, but you’ll probably want to avoid it altogether!
Its Australian counterpart, the redback spider, is also capable of living in the desert.
Scientific NameLynx rufusClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSize50 in
Like some other lynx species out there, the habitat of the bobcat varies wildly.
Some live in the forested areas of the northern states of the US and Canada, while others find themselves in a desert.
Scientific NameLoxosceles reclusaClassificationArachnidDietCarnivoreVenomHighSizeUp to 0.8 in
The other desert spider that you might want to know about is the brown recluse.
While this spider is also found in milder habitats and more densely vegetated habitats, it is perfectly capable of surviving in the desert, too.
This spider is known for its ability to hide and remain hidden, especially when hunting.
Scientific NameGaleodes arabsClassificationArachnidVenomMediumSize6 inchesDietCarnivore
Another special type of spider that lives in the desert is the camel spider.
Scientific NamePuma concolorClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSize35 in
The term “mountain lion” was established for the cougar because of its affinity to living in rocky areas and mountains.
However, that doesn’t mean this animal is not found in the desert; in fact, quite a few cougars live and survive in the desert, too.
Scientific NameCanis latransClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSize4ft 5in
The coyote is another common inhabitant of deserts.
While this animal also lives in other habitats, such as milder forests and grasslands, it’s quite common in the desert.
There, it will feed on smaller animals of prey, as it’s a carnivore that doesn’t choose the type of foods it eats.
Scientific NameLeiurus quinquestriatusClassificationArachnidVenomHighDietCarnivoreSizeUp to 3 inches
Among the dangerous creatures that live in deserts is also the deathstalker scorpion.
Scientific NameDipsosaurus dorsalisClassificationReptileDietCarnivoreSize16in
Next on the list of animals that live in the desert is the desert iguana.
As the name suggests, this little creature is well-adapted to the harsh reality of the desert.
Scientific NameCyprinodon maculariusClassificationActinopterygiiDietOmnivoreSize3 in
That’s right, the desert pupfish populates the small water bodies that might be present in some desert areas.
It was once very common in the arid areas of California, but in recent decades, it has become a vulnerable species because of loss of habitat.
Desert Tortoise
Desert Tortoise
Scientific NameGopherus agassiziiClassificationReptileDietOmnivoreSize14 in
The desert tortoise is a long-living desert animal.
They can live in extremely hot habitats where temperatures go over the 140-degree (Fahrenheit) mark, which is enabled to them by their ability to dig deep burrows, allowing them to escape the heat.
Scientific NameCamelus dromedariusClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSizeUp to 6.2 ft
It’s known to be living in the Sahara desert and on the outskirts of the Sahara desert, where it has long been used as a working animal.
This camel has first domesticated some 4000 years ago and ever since it has been very important for humans.
Scientific NameVulpes zerdaClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSizeUp to 16 inches
Native to the Sahara desert in Africa, the fennec fox is a small fox species with large ears and a slender body.
It has all the adaptations needed to survive the dryness of the desert, as it can go weeks without drinking water.
It feeds mainly on smaller insects and mammals that it can find.
Scientific NameHeloderma suspectumClassificationReptileVenomHighDietCarnivoreSize2ft
The name of this animal is slightly scary, and that’s because it has gotten a reputation for being a human killer.
Nowadays, this animal is not much of a danger because it is slow-moving and not fast enough to strike a human.
Scientific NameAquila chrysaetosClassificationBirdDietCarnivoreSize40 in
Known as one of the best apex predators in the world, the golden eagle takes up different habitats.
Some of these individuals might have a habitat that is up to 77 square miles long, so many of them also live in the desert areas and other surrounding areas, where it will feed on smaller ground animals.
Scientific NameGeococcyx californianusClassificationBirdDietOmnivoreSize12 in
The Californian earth-cuckoo, as it is often called, is the largest cuckoo species in North America.
Scientific NameDipodomysClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSize3 in
This small creature can leap to up to several feet in the air, which is impressive for such a small animal.
This behavior allows it to stay safe from predators.
Scientific NameVulpes macrotisClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSize21 in
The kit fox is one of the smallest fox species in the world.
It mainly inhabits the arid southwestern regions of the United States.
They will build underground dens that allow them to escape the heat, while conducting most of its activities like hunting at night.
Scientific NameTorgos tracheliotosClassificationBirdDietCarnivoreSize45 in
The vulture might have some negative connotations, especially among the local people living in the desert.
They live in various habitats, but usually they prefer a generally open area with some scattered trees and bushes.
Scientific NameSuricata suricattaClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSize4.9 ft
The meerkat is truly one of the world’s most unique animals.
It is a highly social animal that tends to live in groups, and it usually populates arid areas.
It will create large systems of burrows to survive.
These create a special microclimate that allows the meerkat to survive even the harshest conditions.
Scientific NameDasypus novemcinctusClassificationMammalDietCarnivoreSizeUp to 42 inches
The nine-banded armadillo also lives in the desert, but this animal also survives in different types of habitats, such as the rainforests, or grasslands.
Scientific NameAnaxyrus punctatusClassificationAmphibianDietCarnivoreSize3 in
You may find the red-spotted toad in different habitats, but it’s also sometimes found in the desert.
This little amphibian with red spots can survive critically high temperatures without major problems.
Scientific NameCrotalus cerastesClassificationReptileVenomMediumSize30 inDietCarnivore
The sidewinder snake is a type of rattlesnake that lives in the desert.
Also known as the horned rattlesnake, this animal will use a special type of winding movement to move around in the sand.
Scientific NameMoloch horridusClassificationReptileDietCarnivoreSizeUp to 8.3 inches
It has spikes all over its body, which are necessary for the protection against predators.
This mechanism allows the thorny devil to withstand attacks even from many larger and fiercer animals, as they are reluctant to eat this spiky creature.
Scientific NameAcomys ariensisClassificationMammalDietHerbivoreSize5 in
The spiny mouse is one of the smallest inhabitants of the desert.
Because it is often targeted by larger predators, this mouse needs to be resourceful.
It will hide in rocks and other crevices, allowing it to escape some predators and stay safe along the way, even though that is not always possible.
More Examples of Desert Animals
More Examples of Desert Animals
Animals that live in the desert need to have several adaptations to survive.
Some will use burrowing and other mechanisms to stay safe, while others use their venom or other features of their body.
There’s also a surprising deal of variety when it comes to desert animals, which is interesting to observe.
Animals that start with t: list with pictures and facts.
Discover animals beginning with t, including tapirs, tarantulas, tigers and Tasmanian devils.***Animals That Start With T: Pictures & FactsOn this page you’ll find a list of amazing animals beginning with t, together with pictures and interesting facts about each animal.
Below many of the animals are links that you can follow for further information, pictures and videos.Included in this list are individual species (e.g. tiger) and well-known groups of species (e.g. tiger beetles) whose names begin with T.
The scientific name and conservation status are provided for each of the individual species.Discover animals beginning with … Main list page: Animals A to ZBecome an animal expert: Animals: The Ultimate Guide To The Animal KingdomList of Animals Beginning With TTamarinEmperor tamarinTamarins are small monkeys found in Central and South America.
They live in tropical rainforests.There are around fifteen species of tamarin (there is some debate among scientists as to the exact number).
Well-known species include the emperor tamarin, which has a gray-black coat and a large white moustache, and the red-handed tamarin, which has golden-orange hands and feet.Tamarins are members of the genus Saguinus.
They are closely related to the four species of lion tamarin in the genus Leontopithecus.TanagerScarlet-Rumped TanagerTanagers are small birds found in the Americas.
They feed on seeds, fruit, nectar and insects, depending on the species.Tapanuli OrangutanPhoto by Tim Laman [CC BY 4.0], via Wikimedia Commons.
Find out more about this animal here.Scientific Name: Pongo tapanuliensisConservation Status: Critically EndangeredThe Tapanuli orangutan was only recognized as a separate species in 2017, bringing the total number of orangutan species to three.
They are found in an isolated part of the island of Sumatra.Tapanuli orangutans were previously believed to have been a colony of Sumatran orangutans, but DNA analysis revealed that, as well as being a separate species, they were more closely related to Bornean orangutans.You can find out more about this rare primate here: Tapanuli Orangutan FactsFind out more about orangutans here: Orangutan FactsTapirBrazilian Tapir.
Click image to find out more about this animal.Tapirs are large, pig-like animals with flexible, prehensile (able to grasp) noses.
There are five species of tapir: the Brazilian tapir, Malayan tapir, Baird’s tapir, kabomani tapir, and mountain tapir.Only the Malayan tapir, which is found in Asia, is found outside of Central and South America.The Brazilian, or South American Tapir, is the largest land mammal found in the Amazon Rainforest.You can find out more about tapirs on this page: Tapir FactsTarantulaMexican Redknee Tarantula.
Click image to find out more about this animal.Tarantulas are large, hairy spiders.
There are around 900 species of tarantula, and they are found on every continent of the world.Tarantulas make up the family Theraphosidae.
Although the bite of some species can be painful, a tarantula’s bite is not deadly.You can find out about the Mexican redknee tarantula here: Mexican Redknee Tarantula FactsTarponAtlantic tarponTarpons are large, silver bony fish.
(Bony fish, or Osteichthyes, are one of the two main types of fish, the other being the Chondrichthyes, or cartilaginous fish.)There are two species of tarpon: the Atlantic tarpon and the Indo-Pacific tarpon.
Tarpons are found in both saltwater and freshwater habitats, and are usually present close to the shore, in estuaries, and in rivers.Tarpons are able to breathe air, and are often seen rising to the surface in oxygen-poor areas.TarsierTarsiers are small nocturnal primates found in Southeast Asia.
Most tarsiers are shy and rarely seen, and several species are endangered.You can find out more about tarsiers here: Tarsier FactsTasmanian DevilTasmanian devil.
Click image to find out more about this animal.Scientific Name: Sarcophilus harrisiiConservation Status: EndangeredThe Tasmanian devil is the largest carnivorous marsupial.
It is found on Tasmania – a large Australian island to the south of Mainland Australia.The Tasmanian devil gets its name from the loud shrieks it makes at night.
It has an extremely powerful bite and targets a wide range of prey animals, in particular wombats.In recent years the species has been badly affected by a disease that causes large sores to grow on the animal’s face.
As a result the Tasmanian devil is now endangered.Discover more about this endangered Australian mammal here: Tasmanian Devil FactsTenrecTenrecs are small animals found on the African island of Madagascar, and on some parts of the African mainland.
Together they comprise the family Tenrecidae.TermiteSome termite species build huge mounds.Termites are small, pale-colored insects that live in large colonies.
Termite queens are the world’s longest-living insects.
The queens of some species may live up to fifty years.Thorny DevilScientific Name: Moloch horridusConservation Status: Insufficient DataThe thorny devil, also known as the thorny dragon or moloch, is a lizard that lives in the desert and scrubland of central and Western Australia.The species gets its name from the sharp, thorn-like scales that line its back, sides and tail.
A ‘false head’ behind its real head gives the thorny devil additional protection against predators.Water that collects on the thorny devil’s back is transported to its mouth through a system of grooves in its skin.You can find out more about this ingenious reptile here: Thorny Devil FactsTigerSiberian tiger.
Click image to find out more about tigers.Scientific Name: Panthera tigrisConservation Status: EndangeredNo list of animals that start with T would be complete without the tiger!
The tiger is the world’s largest species of cat.
With its distinctive orange coat and black stripes, it is one of the world’s most recognizable animals.
A tiger is capable of bringing down prey as large as a buffalo or gaur (Indian bison).Biologists disagree over the number of tiger subspecies; recent research has identified just two subspecies: a mainland subspecies, and one found on the Greater Sunda Islands.Other biologists believe that up to nine tiger subspecies exist, including well-known subspecies such as the Siberian Tiger and the Bengal Tiger.Sadly, this fearsome predator is endangered.
It is thought that there are now fewer than 4,000 tigers left in the wild.You can find out more about this awesome animal here: Tiger FactsTiger BeetleTiger beetles are predatory insects that comprise the subfamily Cicindelinae.
Like all beetles, their front wings have evolved into hardened wing cases.Tiger beetles have long legs, and can pursue their prey at high speed over the ground.
Their mandibles (jaws) are large and curved.Tiger SharkTiger shark.
Click the photo to find out more about this species.Scientific Name: Galeocerdo cuvierConservation Status: Near ThreatenedThe tiger shark is a large, predatory fish that can reach lengths of over 18 ft.
It is mostly found in deep water near reefs.When young, the tiger shark has dark stripes on its body.
The stripes disappear as the shark gets older.The tiger shark is responsible for the second highest number of recorded shark attacks on humans – only the great white shark is responsible for more.You can find out more about this efficient ocean predator here: Tiger Shark FactsToadCane toadThere is no official scientific definition of the difference between frogs and toads.
‘Toad’ is simply the name given to frog species with dry, warty skin.
Toads also tend to spend more time away from the water than frogs.The ‘true’ toads are members of the family Bufonidae.
This helps to deter predators from eating the toad.
Some frogs and salamanders also have these glands.Frogs and toads make up the order (a group of related animals) Anura.TortoiseAldabra giant tortoiseTortoises are slow-moving land reptiles with shells.
Tortoises are the world’s longest living land animals.
Some species live to over 150 years.A tortoise hatches from its egg with the aid of a special egg tooth.
Hatchlings have to fend for themselves; their parents play no part in the raising of their infants.There are around 45 species of tortoise.
The top three largest tortoise species are (from largest) the Galápagos tortoise, the Aldabra giant tortoise and the African spurred tortoise.ToucanToco Toucan – click image to find out more about toucans.Toucans are birds in the family Ramphastidae.
They are known for their large beaks, and often brightly-colored plumage.Toucans are found in Central and South America.
Most are found in tropical forest habitats, where they often live in flocks.A toucan’s beak, although large, is not very robust.
The beak’s length also helps the bird forage for food – using its beak the toucan can reach for food without moving, and find food in holes in trees.Discover more about these colourful rainforest birds here: Toucan FactsTsetse FlyTsetse FlyTsetse flies are flies in the family Glossinidae.
They are parasitic, feeding off the blood of animals.Due to their feeding habits, tsetse flies are responsible for spreading disease to both humans and livestock.
They are well known transmitters of the human sleeping sickness, which can be fatal.Turkey VultureScientific Name: Cathartes auraConservation Status: Least ConcernThe turkey vulture is a large, brown-black bird with a row of silvery flight feathers along the back of the underside of its wings.
It has a featherless red head, and a powerful, hooked beak.The turkey vulture has a large range (the area in which it is found), which includes much of Canada, the United States, and most of South America.The turkey vulture feeds on carrion (dead animals) that it locates with its powerful eyesight and acute sense of smell.Despite similarities in their appearances, the vultures of the Americas and those found in the Old World (i.e. the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa) are only distantly related.
This is known as convergent evolution.Animals That Start With T: ConclusionWe hope that you’ve discovered some awesome new animals beginning with t on this page.
On this page is a list of animals that live in the desert, with pictures and facts on each species.
We’ve selected desert animals from all over the world, and because many of these species are threatened, we’ve included their conservation status according to the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).Desert AnimalsExamples of desert animals include invertebrates such as scorpions and camel spiders; reptiles such as the thorny devil, Gila monster and sidewinder rattlesnake; mammals such as the fennec fox, meerkat, dromedary and Bactrian camel; and birds such as the sandgrouse and lappet-faced vulture.Introduction To Deserts & Animals That Live In Deserts(Click here or scroll down to go directly to the animals!)Deserts are regions in which very little rain falls.
Because living things need water to survive, deserts are home to relatively few plants and animals (especially when compared to habitats such as rainforests, jungles and oceans).Although deserts are known for being extremely hot during the day, they can also get very cold at night (because there are no clouds to prevent a desert’s heat from escaping into space).With very little water, and therefore very little food (plants can’t grow without water) – not to mention those extreme temperatures, life in the desert isn’t easy.Many animals that live in the desert have special adaptations to help them survive in this inhospitable environment.Desert Animal AdaptationsAnimals such as the kit fox have special adaptations for living in the desert.
Photo: Pacific Southwest Region USFWSDesert animal adaptations include: large ears for dissipating body heat; a light-colored coat to reflect heat; hairy paws for walking on hot sand; the ability either to store water or to survive on very little water; being nocturnal; and living in a burrow.Cold DesertsNot all deserts are hot.
Because both the Arctic and Antarctica have very little rain (or snow) they’re also considered to be deserts.These polar regions are known as ‘cold deserts’.
You can find out about the animals that live in cold deserts on these pages: Arctic Animals and Antarctic Animals.Hot DesertsThe animals in the list below all live in ‘hot deserts’ such as the Sahara Desert and Kalahari Desert in Africa, the Sonoran Desert and Mojave Desert in North America, the Great Victoria Desert in Australia, and the Arabian Desert in the Middle East.You can see a list of desert plants here: Desert Plants with Pictures and FactsDiscover more about deserts on this page: The Desert Biome FactsExplore famous deserts from all around the world: Deserts Of The World With Facts & PicturesFind out more about the deserts of North America: North American DesertsFree Desert Animals Worksheet To Download & PrintTest your knowledge of desert animals with this free printable question sheet!
(No sign-up required; simply download and print.)Click image to view / download your question sheetClick here to get your free desert animals question sheet.
(Question sheet comes as a printable pdf file.)For more details, and a selection of other question sheets, see this page: Free Printable Worksheets.Desert Animals ListA to Z list of desert animals with pictures and facts about each species.
Links to further information are provided for many of the animals.AddaxScientific name: Addax nasomaculatusType of animal: Mammal, Even-toed ungulateWhere found: Sahara DesertConservation status: Critically endangeredPhoto: Haytem93, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The addax is a critically endangered species of antelope found in the Sahara Desert.
The species is also known as both the “white antelope” and the “screwhorn antelope” due to its pale coat and long, spiral horns.The main threat to the addax is poaching.
Habitat loss has also played a part in the species’ Critically Endangered status, with much of the addax’s traditional territory having being converted into farmland.There may be fewer than 90 adult addax left in the wild; perhaps as few as 30.
This desert animal may soon be extinct in the wild.Antelope JackrabbitScientific name: Lepus alleniType of animal: Mammal, family Leporidae (the rabbit and hare family)Where found: Sonoran Desert, Arizona & Northern MexicoConservation status: Least ConcernThe antelope jackrabbit is a hare found in deserts and other dry habitats in the south western United States.
It is one of the largest North American hares.The species can be identified by its large size, very long, pointed ears, white / gray sides, white underparts, buff neck and chest, and black / buff back.The diet of this herbivorous mammal includes cacti and mesquite leaves.
(Mesquite is a small tree that grows in deserts and other dry habitats.)Arabian Oryx / White OryxScientific name: Oryx leucoryxType of animal: Mammal, Even-toed ungulateWhere found: Arabian DesertConservation status: VulnerablePhoto: Charles J.
Sharp, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The Arabian oryx is the smallest of the four antelopes in the genus oryx.
It stands 1m tall at the shoulders, and its long, straight horns are almost as tall again, reaching 75 cm in length.The Arabian oryx became extinct in the wild in the early 1970’s.
A reintroduction program that began in the 1990’s saw captive animals being released back into the wild.
Today there are around 850 Arabian oryxes living in the wild.The biggest threat to the species is illegal hunting.Arabian Sand Gazelle / ReemScientific name: Gazella maricaType of animal: Mammal, Even-toed ungulateWhere found: Syrian Desert, Arabian DesertConservation status: VulnerablePhoto: AhmedAlAwadhi7, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The Arabian sand gazelle (also known as a ‘reem’) is a small antelope.
The ends of its horns curve inwards.A desert specialist, the Arabian sand gazelle was once found throughout the Arabian Peninsula.
Today most of the population resides in protected areas.The species is currently rated Vulnerable by the IUCN (the International Union for Conservation of Nature).
The main threats to the species are illegal hunting and habitat loss.Camel SpidersType of animal: Arachnids, order SolifugaeWhere found: Syrian DesertCamel spiders are arachnids in the order Solifugae.
(An order is a group of related animals.) Camel spiders are also known as wind scorpions, sun spiders and solifuges.Many camel spiders can be identified by their large, powerful mouth parts.
All camel spiders have four pairs of legs and a pair of additional, leg-like structures called ‘predipalps’, which are used for sensing and feeding.Unlike their fellow arachnids the spiders, camel spiders are unable to produce silk, and do not spin webs.There are over 1,000 species of camel spider.
They range in size from a few millimeters to 15 cm (6 in.) in length (including legs).
Most camel spiders are desert animals, although some are found in grasslands and forests.You can find out more about camel spiders here: Camel Spider FactsDeathstalker ScorpionScientific name: Leiurus quinquestriatusType of animal: Arachnid, scorpionWhere found: Sahara Desert, Arabian DesertConservation status: n/aThe deathstalker is one desert animal you probably don’t want to encounter.
A sting from this fearsome arachnid is extremely painful and potentially fatal.The deathstalker inhabits desert and scrubland habitat in North Africa and Western Asia.
It is around 2.36 in / 6 cm in length, and appears in a variety of colors and markings, making it hard to identify.The deathstalker isn’t all bad news; its venom can be used to locate tumors in the human body.You can find out more about scorpions here: Scorpion FactsDesert IguanaScientific name: Dipsosaurus dorsalisType of animal: Reptile, order SquamataWhere found: Sonoran Desert, Mojave DesertConservation status: Least ConcernThe desert iguana is found in the southwestern USA and northern Mexico.
It is one of the most commonly encountered lizards in the deserts in this region.The species grows to around 24 in.
(60 cm) in length including the tail, which is around 1 ½ times the length of the body.
Its base color is grey / light brown, with darker lines running along its back, and dark rings on its tail.The desert iguana is active during the day even in high temperatures.
If disturbed, it will quickly retreat into a burrow or other shelter.DromedaryScientific name: Camelus dromedariusType of animal: Mammal, order Artiodactyla (the even-toed ungulates)Where found: Sahara DesertConservation status: Domestic animalPhoto by Wolfgang Hasselmann on UnsplashCamels are among the most famous of all desert animals.
These hoofed mammals are a common sight in many desert regions, where they were domesticated around 4,000 years ago.
Camels are used for transport, food and clothing.There are three camel species: the single-humped dromedary, and the two-humped Bactrian and Wild Bactrian.
Today it is a domestic animal, most often seen in desert regions.
Australia has a small feral dromedary population made up of the descendants of animals introduced to the country by humans.The dromedary has many adaptations for living in the desert.
These include bushy eyebrows, double-layered eyelashes, and nostrils that can close up completely, all of which provide protection from sand storms.The dromedary is able to go long periods of time without drinking.
It stores both water and energy – in the form of body fat – in its hump.Fennec FoxScientific name: Vulpes zerdaType of animal: Mammal, order CarnivoraWhere found: Sahara DesertConservation status: Least ConcernDrew Avery, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The fennec fox is a mammal found in North Africa and the Middle East.
It is the smallest member of the dog family Canidae, with a maximum body length of around 16 in.
(41 cm).The fennec fox is known for its distinctive long ears, which are up to 15 cm (almost 6 in.) in length.The fox’s ears serve a dual purpose: not only do they provide extra-sensitive hearing (useful for locating prey that is underground), but they also help to keep the fox cool.
Blood vessels close to the skin in the ears dissipate body heat into the air.A thick layer of fur on the fennec fox’s paws provide grip and protection from the hot sand.The fennec fox has a thick, pale orange coat.
This keeps the fox warm at night, when temperatures in the Sahara Desert can be surprisingly low, even (occasionally) dropping below 0 °C.You can find out more about this animal here: Fennec Fox FactsGreater FlamingoScientific name: Phoenicopterus roseusType of animal: Bird, family PhoenicopteridaeWhere found: Kalahari DesertConservation status: Least ConcernGreater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus)The greater flamingo is the largest of the six species of flamingo, and one of only two found outside of the Americas.This large, pale pink bird is found in shallow lakes, lagoons and estuaries in Africa, Asia and Europe.Although not exclusively a desert animal, the greater flamingo does visit shallow lakes and flood plains in desert regions.Each year, many thousands of greater flamingos visit the Makgadikgadi Pan of north eastern Botswana in order to breed.
The shallow, highly salty waters of the Makgadikgadi Pan are surrounded by the Kalahari Desert.You can find out more about this species here: Greater Flamingo FactsGila MonsterScientific name: Heloderma suspectumType of animal: Reptile, order SquamataWhere found: Sonoran DesertConservation status: Near ThreatenedPhoto: Josh Olander, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The Gila monster is a lizard found in a range of dry habitats throughout the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico.
It is a relatively large, slow-moving lizard.
It has rounded, bead-like scales and a blotchy black / orange-pink coloration.The Gila monster is one of only two venomous lizards found in the Americas (the other is the closely related Mexican beaded lizard).The danger posed by these desert animals is often exaggerated.
Although a bite from a Gila monster is painful, to most healthy humans it isn’t life-threatening.You can find out more about the Gila monster here: Gila Monster FactsGolden HamsterScientific name: Mesocricetus auratusType of animal: Mammal, order Rodentia (rodent)Where found: Syrian DesertConservation status: VulnerablePet hamsters are descended from wild desert animals.
Photo: Adamjennison111 at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The golden hamster is a rodent found in the wild in Syria and Turkey (the animal is also known as the Syrian hamster).Although a popular pet in many parts of the world, the wild population of golden hamsters is decreasing, and the species’ conservation status is Vulnerable.Golden hamsters are territorial, and do not tolerate other hamsters in their territories.
Hamsters are able to carry large amounts of food in the cheek pouches – useful if they come across more food than they are able to eat in one sitting.JerboasType of animal: Mammal, order Rodentia (rodent), family DipodidaeWhere found: Gobi DesertPhoto: Elias Neideck, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)Jerboas are a group of rodents within the family Dipodidae.
They are found in deserts and other arid habitats in Northern Africa, Asia and Australia.Jerboas move by hopping, in a similar way to kangaroos.
A long tail helps the jerboa to keep its balance when hopping or standing upright.
Some jerboas can hop more than ten times their own body length!Jerboas have several adaptations for living in the desert.
These include a sandy colored coat that provides camouflage, and a burrowing lifestyle.
They are active either at twilight or at night, thereby avoiding the hottest hours of the day.Kit FoxScientific name: Vulpes macrotisType of animal: Mammal, order CarnivoraWhere found: Sonoran DesertConservation status: Least ConcernThe kit fox is a small canid (member of the dog family) found in the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
It inhabits deserts and other dry habitats, such as scrublands and grasslands.The species is known for its large ears, which provide both excellent hearing and a means of reducing body heat.
Heat is dissipated by blood vessels in the ears.Another adaptation for life in the desert is dense hair on the soles of the feet.
This provides traction on slippery sand, and also protection from the heat.Kit foxes rarely drink.
Instead they get most of the water they require from their almost completely carnivorous diet.A nocturnal, burrowing lifestyle helps them avoid the highest desert temperatures.You can find out more about this desert species on this page: Kit Fox FactsLappet-Faced VultureScientific name: Torgos tracheliotosType of animal: Bird, order AccipitriformesWhere found: Desert areas of Africa and the Middle EastConservation status: EndangeredPhoto: Yathin sk [CC BY-SA 3.0]The lappet-faced vulture is a large bird of prey found in Africa and the Middle East.
(2.6 m).Like most vultures it is primarily a scavenger, although the lappet-faced vulture is also thought to hunt live prey on occasion.As one of the biggest and strongest vultures, the lappet-faced vulture will prevent other vultures from feeding on carrion it has found.
It has also been known to stand its ground against a jackal!Using its huge bill, the vulture can tear apart even tough skin, tendons and bone.
It is a ‘living tin-opener’, making carrion accessible for smaller vultures and other scavengers who can’t break through the tough hides.MeerkatScientific name: Suricata suricattaType of animal: Mammal, order CarnivoraWhere found: Kalahari Desert, Namib DesertConservation status: Least ConcernThe meerkat is a mammal in the mongoose family Herpestidae.
It is found in desert and other dry habitats, including savannah and grassland.
It is known for its highly social behavior and distinctive upright stance.This characterful desert animal lives in groups that can contain up to 50 individuals.
The group is active during the day, and spends the nights in large burrows.Members of a group will often groom each other before heading off to forage.
Sentries survey the landscape for threats, and will alert the group using different alarm calls depending on the threat.You can find out more about meerkats on this page: Meerkat FactsMojave Desert TortoiseScientific name: Gopherus agassiziiType of animal: Reptile, order TestudinesWhere found: Mojave DesertConservation status: Critically EndangeredAs its name suggests, the Mojave Desert tortoise is found in North America’s Mojave Desert.
Until 2011 it had been considered to be the same species as the Sonoran desert tortoise, Gopherus morafkai.
Prior to then both species had been known as the “desert tortoise”.The Mojave Desert tortoise is present to the north and west of the Colorado River in California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona.
This shy reptile is rarely encountered; it spends up to 95% of the time in burrows, or hidden in rock shelters.The Mojave Desert tortoise digs its own burrows, and will hibernate underground during the winter.A 2020 study, whose results were published in 2021, found the species to be Critically Endangered.
This is due mainly to habitat loss.You can find out more about the Mojave desert tortoise here: Mojave Desert Tortoise FactsMulgaraScientific name: Brush-tailed mulgara: Dasycercus blythi; Crest-tailed mulgara: Dasycercus cristicaudaType of animal: Mammal, marsupialWhere found: Great Sandy DesertConservation status: Brush-tailed mulgara: Least Concern; Crest-tailed mulgara: VulnerableCrest-Tailed Mulgara.
Photo: Intortuz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)Mulgaras are rat-sized marsupials found in desert regions of central Australia.
There are two species of mulgara: the brush-tailed mulgara and the crest-tailed mulgara.
The crest-tailed mulgara has a crest-like ridge of longer hairs on its tail.Mulgaras are in the same family, Dasyuridae, as the Tasmanian devil and the quolls.Both mulgaras are carnivorous, feeding mainly on small reptiles, insects and rodents.
They conserve energy by periodically entering torpor – a state of reduced activity that resembles a ‘mini-hibernation’.These Australian desert animals rarely drink, and their kidneys are specially adapted to preserve water.Namib Desert Beetle / Fogstand BeetleScientific name: Stenocara gracilipesType of animal: Insect, order Coleoptera (beetles)Where found: Namib DesertConservation status: UnassessedThe fogstand beetle is an insect found in the Namib Desert, a coastal desert in southern Africa.Using its specially-adapted wing-cases, the beetle can collect minute droplets of water from the early morning fog.
The tiny droplets build up until the water runs down the beetle’s back and into its mouth.This is a useful skill to have in a region that receives only 1.4 cm (0.55 in.) per year!This desert insect’s water collecting abilities haven’t gone unnoticed; inventors are working on materials and products that utilize similar methods to collect water from the air!OnagerScientific name: Equus hemionusType of animal: Mammal, order Perissodactyla (Odd-toed ungulates)Where found: Gobi Desert, other dry habitats in AsiaConservation status: Near Threatened (two subspecies are Endangered)Photo: Gideon Pisanty (Gidip) גדעון פיזנטי, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)Also known as the Asiatic wild ass, the onager is a hoofed mammal in the horse family Equidae.
The species is found in Asia, where it inhabits deserts (including the Gobi desert) and other dry, open habitats.The species has four living subspecies: the Mongolian wild ass, Turkmenian kulan, Persian onager and Indian wild ass.
Both the Turkmenian kulan and Persian onager are rated Endangered.The onager is one of the world’s fastest mammals.
It is capable of reaching speeds of up to 70 km/h / 43 mph.Red-Spotted ToadScientific name: Anaxyrus punctatusType of animal: Amphibian, order Anura (frogs and toads)Where found: Mojave DesertConservation status: Least ConcernThis small toad is found in deserts and other dry habitats in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
It reaches lengths of around 3 inches (7.6cm), and has pale olive green skin marked with black patches and smaller red spots.The red-spotted toad spends much of its time sheltering from the sun in rocky crevices near streams.
It is most often seen during periods of rainfall, when it emerges from its hiding place.Roadrunner (Greater)Scientific name: Geococcyx californianusType of animal: Bird, family CuculidaeWhere found: Desert regions of the United States & MexicoConservation status: Least ConcernThe greater roadrunner is one of two species of roadrunner, the other being the lesser roadrunner (Geococcyx velox), which is found in Mexico and Central America.
The two roadrunners are the only living members of the genus Geococcyx, which is part of the cuckoo family, Cuculidae.Although roadrunners can fly, they only do so as a last resort when evading predators – they spend most of the time on the ground, and are excellent runners.The greater roadrunner can run at speeds of up to 26 mph (41.8 km/h) – faster than any other non-flightless bird (even record-breaking sprinter Usain Bolt can only reach this speed for a few seconds in a race).Saharan Silver AntScientific name: Cataglyphis bombycinaType of animal: Insect, family Formicidae (the ant family)Where found: Sahara DesertConservation status: UnassessedPhoto: Bjørn Christian Tørrissen, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com) [CC BY-SA 3.0]The silvery appearance of this African desert ant is caused by tiny hairs on its body; a special adaptation that reflects the hot desert sun, preventing the insect from overheating.The Saharan silver ant has other adaptations for living in the desert: its long legs keep its body away from the hot sand, and it often walks using just four of its six legs, thereby minimizing the area in contact with the sand.These adaptations are vitally important because the Saharan silver ant only emerges from its nest for around 10 minutes per day.
The timing is crucial: it has to be hot enough so that ant-eating lizards are forced to seek shelter.Sand Cat / Sand Dune CatScientific name: Felis margaritaType of animal: Mammal, order Carnivora, family Felidae (the cat family)Where found: Sahara Desert, Arabian DesertConservation status: Least ConcernPhoto: Ranjith-chemmad, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com) / CC BY-SAThe sand cat is a rarely-seen desert cat found in northern Africa and the Middle East.
It is smaller than a domestic cat, and has pale, sandy-colored hair, which is often marked with darker spots or stripes.A layer of thick fur on the sand cat’s paws provides protection from the hot desert sand.The sand cat has large, pointed ears, and is thought to have hearing that is far more acute than that of a domestic cat.The sand cat is usually either nocturnal or crepuscular (active at dawn or dusk).
It is only active during the day in the coolest months of the year.You can find out more about sand cats on this page: Sand Cat FactsSandgrouseType of animal: Birds in the family PteroclidaeWhere found: Desert regions of Africa & AsiaNamaqua Sandgrouse.
Photo: Yathin sk, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)Sandgrouses are birds in the family Pteroclidae.
Most of the 16 members of this family are found either in deserts or other dry habitats.These medium-sized, ground-dwelling birds are seed-eaters.
Sandgrouses often congregate in large numbers around waterholes then disperse to forage for seeds either alone or in smaller groups.The Namaqua sandgrouse (pictured above) is found in Southern Africa, including the Kalahari Desert and the Namib Desert.SidewinderScientific name: Crotalus cerastesType of animal: Reptile, order SquamataWhere found: Mojave Desert & other regions of SW United States and NW MexicoConservation status: Least ConcernThe sidewinder is a species of rattlesnake that inhabits desert regions in California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona.
It is also found in northern Mexico.The species’ name comes from the way in which it moves; by anchoring its tail and pushing its head forwards, then pulling its tail forwards and repeating the process, it can move at high speeds over sand.
Although the snake’s head points in the direction of travel, its body appears to be moving sideways.This way of moving is also used by other desert snakes, and is known as sidewinding.The sidewinder is also known as the horned rattlesnake due to the horn-like scales that project out from above its eyes.The sidewinder is venomous.
Its bite is extremely painful, but rarely life-threatening.
The sidewinder’s venom is relatively weak compared to that of most other rattlesnakes.You can find out more about this species here: Sidewinder FactsSouthern Marsupial MoleScientific name: Notoryctes typhlopsType of animal: Mammal, marsupialWhere found: Great Victorian DesertConservation status: Least ConcernConvergent evolution occurs when different types of animal develop similar characteristics or abilities due to their having the same type of lifestyle.The marsupial mole, an Australian desert animal, is an example of convergent evolution.
It looks and behaves very much like a true mole, but as a marsupial is only very distantly related to the animals from which it gets its name.This rat-sized desert marsupial lives in the hot, dry regions of inner Australia.
It lives underground in tunnels, where it hunts earthworms and other invertebrates.
The marsupial mole is blind, and probably uses a well-developed sense of smell to find its food.Tarantula Hawk WaspScientific name: Pepsis grossa / Pepsis formosa (and other members of genera Pepsis and Hemipepsis)Type of animal: Insect in the family Pompilidae (the spider wasp family)Where found: Mojave DesertConservation status: unassessedTarantula hawk wasps are large wasps of genus Pepsis.One of the best known species of tarantula hawk wasp is Pepsis grossa.
Although excruciatingly painful, the sting is short-lived and non-fatal to humans.Pepsis grossa is found in the southern United States and Mexico.
It uses its powerful sting to hunt tarantula spiders.The tarantula hawk wasp is the state insect of New Mexico.Thorny DevilScientific name: Moloch horridusType of animal: Reptile, order SquamataWhere found: Great Victorian DesertConservation status: Least ConcernThe thorny devil is a small lizard found in dry regions throughout most of central and west Australia.
Behind its head is a ‘decoy head’; a fleshy growth with two large horns.
This is displayed to deter potential predators.Tiny grooves in the thorny devils’ skin transport water directly to its mouth.
Using this adaptation, the lizard can drink from the dew that forms on its body overnight.You can find out more about the thorny devil here: Thorny Devil FactsWater-Holding FrogScientific name: Cyclorana platycephalaType of animal: Amphibian, order Anura (frogs and toads)Where found: Great Victorian DesertConservation status: Least ConcernPhoto: en:User:Tnarg 12345 [CC BY-SA 3.0], via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The water-holding frog is a desert amphibian found in the dry central region of Australia.Although a member of the family Hylidae (the tree frog family), the water-holding frog lives on the ground.In fact, the species spends much of its life buried up to 1 meter (3.28 ft.) underground, wrapped in a cocoon.
It only emerges after a period of heavy rain, when it makes its way to a swamp or waterhole in order to breed.During dry periods the water-holding frog is able to aestivate.
Aestivation is a state similar to hibernation, in which the frog becomes inactive in order to conserve energy.The water-holding frog is so-named because it stores water in its bladder when buried.
Australian aborigines used to dig the frogs up as a source of water.Wild Bactrian CamelScientific name: Camelus ferusType of animal: Mammal, Even-toed ungulateWhere found: Gobi DesertConservation status: Critically EndangeredPhoto: Dev Paul, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons, (cropped / resized by ActiveWild.com)The wild Bactrian camel is a critically endangered desert animal.
It is closely related to the Bactrian camel, a domesticated species.Both Bactrian camels have two humps, but those of the wild Bactrian are smaller.
The species is also slightly smaller in overall size than its domestic relative.The wild Bactrian camel is said to be able to tolerate water even saltier than seawater.Only around 950 wild Bactrian camels remain in the wild.
Around 600 live in the Lop Nur Wild Camel National Nature Reserve in China.
Around 350 live in the Great Gobi A Strictly Protected Area in Mongolia.
Their numbers are decreasing.You can find out more about the wild Bactrian camel here: Wild Bactrian Camel FactsDesert Animals For Kids: ConclusionWe hope that you have enjoyed meeting these desert animals.
What is your favorite desert species?
Have you seen any of these animals in the wild?
Are there any other desert animals you think should be on this list?Let us know in the comments below; we’d love to hear your views!Discover Amazing Animals That Live In Other habitats…Rainforest Animals List with Pictures & FactsArctic Animals List with Pictures & FactsAntarctic Animals List with Pictures & FactsOcean Animals List with Pictures & FactsAustralian Animals List with Pictures & FactsAfrican Animals List with Pictures & FactsBecome an Animal Expert with Active Wild…Visit these pages to learn more about animals and the animal kingdom:Animals: The Ultimate Guide to the Animal KingdomA to Z Animals with Pictures & Facts